Formby tides today
- Tide now 29.2 ft ↓ falling · low 7:15 am (4.7 ft)
- Best time to fish 6:30–8:00 am good day · 7/10
- Beach day Not today Not a beach day · 0/10
- Waves · water 1.5 ft · 53 °F smooth · 4.0 s from the west
- Wind · air 4 mph · 52 °F from the S, gusts 10 · overcast
- Sun 7:06 am–4:45 pm 9 h 40 min of daylight
- Moon 85% · 6:18 pm waning gibbous · rises at 6:18 pm
- Best time to dive 11:50 am–1:40 pm great day · 10/10
Today in Formby there are high tides at 12:17 am (31.3 ft) and 12:36 pm (30.8 ft) and low tides at 7:15 am and 7:41 pm. Tide coefficient 91. Right now the tide is falling toward the low tide at 7:15 am. The sun rises at 7:06 am and sets at 4:45 pm: 9 h 40 min of daylight. The moon is 85% illuminated (waning gibbous) and rises at 6:18 pm. Major solunar periods run from 1:38 am to 3:38 am and from 2:10 pm to 4:10 pm. The next spring tides arrive from November 9 to 11. The sea is smooth, with 1.5 ft waves. There's a light breeze from the south (4 mph). Overcast, 52 °F.
Fishing in Formby today
Best time to fish
Solunar activity today: medium- Low tide at 7:15 am
- Sunrise at 7:06 am
- Rising pressure (+0.26 inHg in 24 h), light offshore wind (5 mph) and calm sea (1.0 ft waves)
- Waning gibbous: a bit more activity than at the quarters
- Highest tide coefficient today: 91 (spring tides)
- A major period lines up with sunset
Your day at a glance
The best window, 6:30 am to 8:00 am, combines the 7:15 am low tide and sunrise, though with rising pressure. Also worth a try from 11:40 am to 12:30 pm, with the 12:36 pm high tide and moonset, though with rising pressure.
Species with the most records nearby: European plaice, common sole, thornback ray and whiting. October is one of the months when these are seen most: European plaice and common sole. What you can catch
Beach day in Formby
Is it a beach day?
- Sun and clouds
- Calm for swimming: 1.0 ft waves
- Low tide at 7:15 am: more sand
- Feels like 55 °F: chilly for the beach
- Light offshore wind (9 mph): it blows floats and inflatables out to sea
- Water at 53 °F (very cold)
Today, hour by hour
- Swimming Calm · 1.0 ft
1.0 ft waves: calm for swimming. Low rip current risk. Always follow the lifeguard's flags.
- Water 53 °F
Very cold: ease in and keep swims short.
- Sun & sunscreen UV 1 · SPF 15
Max UV 1 (low): SPF 15 sunscreen.
- Wind 9 mph
Offshore breeze (9 mph). Watch floats and inflatables: offshore wind carries them out to sea.
- Tide & sand 7:15 am
Low tide at 7:15 am and 7:41 pm: that's when there's the most sand. High tide at 12:17 am and 12:36 pm.
We don't have data on jellyfish, sargassum or beach closures: ask the lifeguard or check with the local beach authority. How it works · The next 7 days
Beaches near Formby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Formby Beach 1.6 mi · SW
Excellent water quality 2025 season, Environment Agency
- Taylor's Bank 2.6 mi · SW
- Ainsdale Beach 3.4 mi · N
- RNLI lifeguards in season
- Restrooms
- Parking
Sufficient water quality 2025 season, Environment Agency
- Crosby Beach 5.1 mi · S
- RNLI lifeguards in season
- Restrooms
- Parking
Named beaches within 6.2 mi, nearest first. Amenities from OpenStreetMap: some may be missing or out of date. View on OpenStreetMap · Add or fix on OpenStreetMap
Beaches and amenities: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).
UK bathing water quality: Environment Agency. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Full attribution. Lifeguards: RNLI. Contains Open Data licensed under the GIS Open Data Licence.
Webcams near Formby
Webcams provided by windy.com — add a webcam
Tides in Formby
Today's high and low tides
- ▲ High tide 12:17 am 31.3 ft · coef. 91
- ▼ Next low tide 7:15 am 4.7 ft
- ▲ High tide 12:36 pm 30.8 ft · coef. 88
- ▼ Low tide 7:41 pm 4.7 ft
↓ Falling The tide is falling. 5 h 51 min to low tide at 7:15 am.
Tide coefficient 91 for the 12:17 am high tide and 88 for the 12:36 pm high tide. Spring tides. The water rises and falls 26.6 ft between the highest high and the lowest low: a large range for this place. 70 is an average tide here; 90 and above means spring tides; below 45, neap tides. What is the tide coefficient?
2026 extremes: the highest tide of the year is on March 21 (32.2 ft) and the lowest, on August 14 (1.4 ft).
Semidiurnal: two high and two low tides a day, of similar height.
Heights above chart datum: the lowest astronomical tide (LAT), the zero of nautical charts in Europe. Astronomical prediction: wind and air pressure can raise or lower the water by a few inches, and more in a storm. Not for navigation. chart datum (LAT)
Tide coefficient and range in October
The biggest tides of the month came from October 26 to 29 (coefficient 93, 27.8 ft range). The smallest, from October 19 to 20 (coefficient 36, 10.1 ft).
Tide and solunar table · this week
| Day | Sun | Tide 1 | Tide 2 | Tide 3 | Tide 4 | Coef. | Moon | Major periods | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today, Thu 29 | 7:06 am · 4:45 pm | High tide 12:17 am · 31.3 ft | Low tide 7:15 am · 4.7 ft | High tide 12:36 pm · 30.8 ft | Low tide 7:41 pm · 4.7 ft | Coef. 91 | 85% | Major periods 1:38 am · 2:10 pm | Medium |
| Fri 30 | 7:08 am · 4:43 pm | High tide 1:03 am · 30.3 ft | Low tide 8:00 am · 5.8 ft | High tide 1:23 pm · 30.0 ft | Low tide 8:29 pm · 5.6 ft | Coef. 85 | 76% | Major periods 2:43 am · 3:15 pm | Medium |
| Sat 31 | 7:10 am · 4:41 pm | High tide 1:54 am · 28.7 ft | Low tide 8:50 am · 7.3 ft | High tide 2:17 pm · 28.6 ft | Low tide 9:24 pm · 6.8 ft | Coef. 76 | 65% | Major periods 3:46 am · 4:16 pm | Medium |
| Sun 1 | 7:11 am · 4:39 pm | High tide 2:55 am · 27.0 ft | Low tide 9:46 am · 8.7 ft | High tide 3:21 pm · 27.1 ft | Low tide 10:29 pm · 7.8 ft | Coef. 66 | Last quarter | Major periods 4:44 am · 5:12 pm | Medium |
| Mon 2 | 7:13 am · 4:38 pm | High tide 4:07 am · 25.4 ft | Low tide 10:53 am · 9.8 ft | High tide 4:37 pm · 26.0 ft | Low tide 11:45 pm · 8.2 ft | Coef. 57 | 43% | Major periods 5:38 am · 6:04 pm | Medium |
| Tue 3 | 7:15 am · 4:36 pm | High tide 5:26 am · 24.7 ft | Low tide 12:11 pm · 10.0 ft | High tide 5:58 pm · 25.9 ft | — | Coef. 55 | 32% | Major periods 6:28 am · 6:51 pm | Medium |
| Wed 4 | 7:17 am · 4:34 pm | Low tide 1:04 am · 7.7 ft | High tide 6:45 am · 25.1 ft | Low tide 1:29 pm · 9.1 ft | High tide 7:13 pm · 26.7 ft | Coef. 62 | 23% | Major periods 7:14 am · 7:36 pm | Medium |
▲ high tide · ▼ low tide · heights above chart datum (LAT). Major periods: start time; they last 2 hours. Activity: based on the moon phase and the solunar periods.
Where this tide comes from
Formby has no station of its own, so we use the tide at Liverpool (Environment Agency), 7.8 mi away. On the open coast the difference is usually a few minutes and inches; inside estuaries, rivers and enclosed bays it can be much larger.
Station data attribution: This uses Environment Agency tide gauge data from the real-time data API (Beta): Liverpool (E70124), https://environment.data.gov.uk/flood-monitoring/id/stations/E70124. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0 (https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/). Modified: harmonic constants fitted by TidePlanet from the 15-minute sea levels of 2025-10-29 to 2026-10-22 (356 days).
The sea at Formby
Sea stateSea state: smooth
The waves you may find
- Most commonMost common0.8 ft
- Significant1.5 ft
- Highest expectedHighest3.1 ft
One wave in seven is higher than the significant height, and about 3 times a day one reaches 3.1 ft. Before heading out, expect waves of up to 3.1 ft.
Wind on the coast and offshore
Cross-offshore wind. The coast faces northwest and the wind comes off the land at an angle: calmer water near the shore, and bait and boats drift out to sea.
Wave height, next 7 daysWaves, next 7 days
Waves stay much the same all week. The biggest waves arrive on Thursday 29: 1.6 ft with a period of 4 s, from the west (smooth).
Water temperature
Water temperature →Water temperature changes how fish behave: in very cold or very warm water they feed less. The water cools over the next few days: about 50.2 °F by Wednesday 4.
Water about normal for late October.
Satellite: NASA MUR (JPL MUR MEaSUREs, PO.DAAC), doi:10.5067/GHGMR-4FJ04. Sources and licenses
Water temperature →Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 1:24 am (local time).
Nearest buoy
This is a real measurement of the sea, not a forecast. Data from Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory (CEFAS), via the E.U. Copernicus Marine Service. Generated using E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information (doi:10.48670/moi-00036).
Surf in Formby today
Surf today
Flat- Barely any waves (1.0 ft sets): flat
- Light offshore wind (7 mph): it holds up and grooms the waves
- Rising tide (high tide at 12:36 pm)
It’s flat today: almost no waves reach this coast.
- Light: First light 6:29 am · sunrise 7:06 am · sunset 4:45 pm · last light 5:22 pm
- Tide: high 12:17 am (31.3 ft), low 7:15 am (4.7 ft), high 12:36 pm (30.8 ft) and low 7:41 pm (4.7 ft). Every break has its own tide: some work at low tide and others at high tide. The tide doesn’t change the score here.
- Water at 53.1 °F: a 5/4 fullsuit with booties (and a hood if it’s windy).
- Energy: 1 kJ · Low power
Today’s surf at a glance
The best window, 9:00 am to 1:00 pm, has light offshore wind, though with barely any waves.
An estimate for this stretch of coast, not for a specific break: every beach or reef works its own way (its tide, bottom and angle). Check it when you get there.
Follow the flags and the lifeguards, and don’t paddle out if the surf is above your level: this score is a guide, not a substitute for what you see when you get there.
Diving in Formby today
Diving and snorkeling today
Likely visibility: good- Slack water around high tide (12:36 pm): little current from 12:20 pm to 1:00 pm
- 0.7 ft swell at 3 s from the west: barely any surge
- Light offshore wind (8 mph)
- 0.3 mph current toward the north, weak (model)
- Sun high: more light underwater
- Slack water today: high tide 12:17 am (12:00–12:40 am), low tide 7:15 am (6:50–7:40 am), high tide 12:36 pm (12:20–1:00 pm) and low tide 7:41 pm (7:10–8:00 pm)
- Likely visibility: good. Swell (up to 3.6 ft at 5 s) over the last few days has stirred up the water. Based on the last 24 hours of data.
- Water at 53.1 °F: a 7 mm semi-dry suit, with hood, gloves and booties.
- Snorkeling: good, calm sea and light wind.
- Night dive: dark from 5:22 pm. Waning gibbous (85%), rising at 6:18 pm: a bright night.
Your diving day at a glance
The best window, 11:50 am to 1:40 pm, combines slack water at high tide, little swell, light wind, weak current and the sun high. Also good from 7:10 am to 7:50 am, with slack water at low tide, little swell, light wind and weak current.
Slack water comes from the tide: in inlets, channels and between islands the water can keep running for an hour or two after. Ask the local dive shop.
Never dive alone and check with the local dive shop: this rating is a guide, not a substitute for a professional.
Dive sites, wrecks and dive shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Nickolai 1.9 mi
- Henry J Smith 2.0 mi
- Ionic Star 2.4 mi
- Star of Hope 2.6 mi
- Progress 2.7 mi
- Ibis 2.7 mi
- Colorado 2.9 mi
- Penryn 3.1 mi
- Wreck 1.7 mi
- Aquatrek Divers 3.5 mi
- @colinwalkertechnicaldiving 3.5 mi
- Marina Scuba School 5.9 mi
Within 12 mi. Some may be missing or closed; marine reserves usually need a permit. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Wreck and reef positions are approximate and not for navigation; a wreck’s depth runs from the top of the hull to the seabed.
Sites: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Wrecks: EMODnet Human Activities (AND-International), from UK Hydrographic Office data, CC BY 4.0. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Weather in Formby
Now in Formby
- Low / high
- 49 / 58 °F
- Rain
- 0.00 in · 0%
- Clouds
- 86%
- Humidity
- 90%
- Dew pointDew point
- 50 °F
- Visibility
- 13 mi
- UV indexUV
- 0 · low
- Air qualityAir
- Fair · 24
- Saharan dust
- No
- Pollen
- None
Pressure and fishing
- ↗ RisingRising Anglers say fish bite less for a while
- → SteadySteady · now Anglers expect normal activity
- ↘ FallingFalling Anglers say fish feed more before the change
Steady now (+0.01 inHg in 3 hours). Over the next 48 hours: +0.16 inHg. Steady pressure: anglers expect normal activity. Fast changes, either way, tend to affect fishing.
Today, hour by hourHour by hour
Bars: mean wind. Dashed line: gusts. Arrows point where the wind blows to.
| Time | 12:00 am | 3:00 am | 6:00 am | 9:00 am | 12:00 pm | 3:00 pm | 6:00 pm | 9:00 pm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sky | Overcast | Overcast | Partly cloudy | Mainly clear | Partly cloudy | Overcast | Overcast | Overcast |
| Temperature | 53° | 51° | 50° | 51° | 57° | 58° | 55° | 52° |
| Wind (mph) | 6 S | 3 SSE | 4 SE | 6 SE | 8 SE | 8 SSE | 6 SSE | 7 SE |
| Gusts | 11 | 7 | 7 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 12 | 13 |
| Waves | 1.6 ft | 1.3 ft | 1.1 ft | 0.9 ft | 0.8 ft | 0.7 ft | 0.7 ft | 0.5 ft |
| Rain | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in |
- 3:00 am 51° 3 SSE 1.3 ft
- 6:00 am 50° 4 SE 1.1 ft
- 9:00 am 51° 6 SE 0.9 ft
- 12:00 pm 57° 8 SE 0.8 ft
- 3:00 pm 58° 8 SSE 0.7 ft
- 6:00 pm 55° 6 SSE 0.7 ft
- 9:00 pm 52° 7 SE 0.5 ft
- 12:00 am 51° 8 SE 0.5 ft
Next 14 daysComing days
| Day | Sky | Low / high | Max wind | Max wave | High tides |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today · 29 | 49 / 58 °F | 9 mph SSE | 1.6 ft | 12:17 am · 12:36 pm | |
| Fri 30 | 49 / 56 °F | 11 mph SE | 0.9 ft | 1:03 am · 1:23 pm | |
| Sat 31 | 46 / 53 °F | 10 mph SE | 1.0 ft | 1:54 am · 2:17 pm | |
| Sun 1 | 45 / 53 °F | 4 mph ENE | 0.9 ft | 2:55 am · 3:21 pm | |
| Mon 2 | 42 / 51 °F | 7 mph NE | 0.7 ft | 4:07 am · 4:37 pm | |
| Tue 3 | 43 / 53 °F | 9 mph NE | 0.2 ft | 5:26 am · 5:58 pm | |
| Wed 4 | 45 / 52 °F | 7 mph E | 0.3 ft | 6:45 am · 7:13 pm | |
| Thu 5 | 46 / 52 °F | 10 mph E | 0.9 ft | 7:53 am · 8:15 pm | |
| Fri 6 | 46 / 52 °F | 10 mph ESE | 0.8 ft | 8:46 am · 9:06 pm | |
| Sat 7 | 44 / 51 °F | 12 mph SE | 1.4 ft | 9:30 am · 9:49 pm | |
| Sun 8 | 43 / 51 °F | 12 mph SE | 1.9 ft | 10:09 am · 10:27 pm | |
| Mon 9 | 49 / 54 °F | 12 mph SE | 2.0 ft | 10:45 am · 11:02 pm | |
| Tue 10 | 53 / 54 °F | 8 mph E | 0.8 ft | 11:19 am · 11:35 pm | |
| Wed 11 | 50 / 54 °F | 8 mph SE | 0.9 ft | 11:52 am |
- Fri 30 Overcast 49° / 56° 0.9 ft
- Sat 31 Overcast 46° / 53° 1.0 ft
- Sun 1 Fog 45° / 53° 0.9 ft
- Mon 2 Overcast 42° / 51° 0.7 ft
- Tue 3 Overcast 43° / 53° 0.2 ft
- Wed 4 Overcast 45° / 52° 0.3 ft
- Thu 5 Overcast 46° / 52° 0.9 ft
Each day comes from the best model covering this spot: regional ones first (HRRR and NBM in the U.S., AROME, ICON-EU), then ECMWF; day 16, NOAA GFS. Waves: Météo-France up to day 10, then ECMWF WAM, coarser and further offshore. High tides: our own tide calculation.
- The models They agree · high confidence for the next few days. See the models →
- Outlook Next few weeks, compared with normal: normal temperatures, normal rain and a slightly warmer sea. See the outlook →
- Normal Today, warmer than normal for late October (+4.1 °F; normal high: 54 °F). Climate by month →
Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 1:24 am (local time).
The sun in Formby
Sunrise and sunset
- First light 5:48 am
- Full dark 6:03 pm
- Civil dawn 6:29 am
- Civil dusk 5:22 pm
- Solar noon 11:56 am (23° high)
- Daylight 9 h 40 min (−4 min)
- Evening golden hour 3:54 pm
- Full dark 6:03 pm
Golden hour and the day-night map
Today the sun is 92,335,344 mi away and looks 32′ 11″ across.
The moon in Formby
Moon phase and position
Today the moon is 226,641 mi away and looks 32′ 45″ across.
Solunar periods
Today's activity: medium- 1:38–3:38 am Major · the moon passes overhead · high activity
- 2:10–4:10 pm Major · the moon passes underfoot · high activity
- 11:32 am–12:32 pm Minor · moonset · medium activity
- 5:48–6:48 pm Minor · moonrise · medium activity
According to solunar theory, fish feed more when the moon passes overhead or underfoot (major periods, about 2 h) and when it rises or sets (minor periods, 1 h). It works best around new and full moon.
Upcoming moon phases
2026 moon calendar →- Last quarter Sun, Nov 1 · 8:29 pmNov 1 in 3 days
- New moon Mon, Nov 9 · 7:03 amNov 9 in 11 days
- First quarter Tue, Nov 17 · 11:48 amNov 17 in 19 days
- Full moon Tue, Nov 24 · 2:54 pmNov 24 in 26 days
Next perigee (the moon at its closest to Earth): November 25, 223,281 mi away.
Where to fish in Formby
Piers, ramps and tackle shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Southport Pier 6.9 mi
- Jetty 6.8 mi
- Perch Rock 8.0 mi
- Jetty 8.2 mi
- Boat ramp 2.3 mi
- Boat ramp 2.8 mi
- Boat ramp 4.3 mi
- Scarisbrick Marina 6.4 mi
- Neptune Angling 5.7 mi
- Coastal angling supplies and bait centre 6.1 mi
- Jrs Angling Supplies 6.7 mi
- Tackle Tarts 6.8 mi
Within 9.3 mi. A spot may be missing or closed. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Spots: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) and Overture Maps.
Water depth
Very shallowVery shallow and flat: 3.1 mi from shore the water is still only about 19 ft deep.
From the shoreline (1.3 mi from Formby) out to sea, heading northwest.
How far from shore
- 16 ft deep2.2 mi
- 33 ft deepnot within 3.1 mi
- 66 ft deepnot within 3.1 mi
- 164 ft deepnot within 3.1 mi
For fishing, swimming and diving
- Shore fishing. Shallow, gradual bottom (16 ft at 2.2 mi): cast far from the beach and fish the high tide, when there is more water close in.
- Swimming. A very gentle way in with plenty of shallow water, good for kids. At low tide the water can be far out.
- Diving. Shallow: the water doesn't reach 33 ft within 3.1 mi. For deeper dives, take a boat farther out.
Rough estimate: here the data comes in cells of about 0.3 mi and misses details near shore (rocks, sandbars, small coves).
Source: EMODnet Bathymetry DTM 2024, here using the GEBCO grid (CC BY 4.0), cells of about 0.3 mi; depth at the lowest astronomical tide. For reference only: not for navigation or anchoring.
Nearest lighthouse
Formby Lighthouse 1.3 mi south
- Built
- 1719
Data from Wikidata. For reference only: not for navigation. Wikipedia · Wikidata · Sources and licenses
Tides near FormbyTides nearby
- Hightown2.4 mi
- Southport6.5 mi
- Seaforth6.7 mi
- Bootle6.7 mi
- Litherland6.8 mi
- Wallasey9.3 mi
- Kirkdale9.4 mi
- Vauxhall10 mi
- Banks11 mi
- Liverpool11 mi
Formby at a glance
- Town or city of about 23,329 people. Coordinates: 53.558° N, 3.070° W.
- It is 6.7 mi north of Bootle, the main place in Sefton. The sun rises at the same time and sets at the same time than in Bootle.
- The nearest tide station, Liverpool, is 7.8 mi to the south.
- Its coast faces northwest.
- Beaches and harbors nearby: Formby Beach (1.2 mi), Ainsdale Beach (3.5 mi).
Questions about FormbyQuestions
What time is high tide today in Formby?
Today in Formby there are high tides at 12:17 am (31.3 ft) and 12:36 pm (30.8 ft) and low tides at 7:15 am and 7:41 pm. Tide coefficient 91.
What time is sunset today in Formby?
At 4:45 pm. There is light until the end of civil twilight, at 5:22 pm.
What time is sunrise tomorrow in Formby?
At 7:08 am. First light comes at 5:50 am.
What phase is the moon today?
Waning gibbous, 85% illuminated. New moon on Mon, Nov 9 · 7:03 am.
When are the next spring tides?
From November 9 to 11.
What are today's solunar periods?
Major 1:38–3:38 am, Minor 11:32 am–12:32 pm, Major 2:10–4:10 pm, Minor 5:48–6:48 pm. Today's activity is medium.
What's the weather like today in Formby?
Overcast, from 49 °F to 58 °F, with a light breeze from the south (4 mph) and a 0% chance of rain.
How is the sea today in Formby?
Smooth (Douglas 2): 1.5 ft waves with a period of 4.0 s from the west. The water is 53.2 °F.
When is the best time to visit Formby?
The best time to visit Formby is from June to August: highs of 65 °F to 68 °F, about 12 rainy days a month and 6 hours of sunshine a day.
Can I use this data for navigation?
No. These are predictions for fishing and leisure; for navigation, use the official publications.
Where this data comes from
Tide: Liverpool tide gauge (UK National Tide Gauge Network). This uses Environment Agency tide gauge data from the real-time data API (Beta), under the Open Government Licence v3.0; constants fitted by TidePlanet from a year of its readings. Sun and moon: our own calculation with astronomy-engine. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Coastline: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).