Piombino tides today
- Tide now 0.9 ft ↓ falling · low 4:18 am (0.1 ft)
- Best time tomorrow 4:30–5:40 pm average day · 6/10
- Beach tomorrow 12:00–5:00 pm Good beach day · 7/10
- Waves · water 0.5 ft · 71 °F smooth · 4.0 s from the northwest
- Wind · air 3 mph · 59 °F from the NNE, gusts 6 · partly cloudy
- Sun 6:47 am–5:16 pm 10 h 29 min of daylight
- Moon 93% · 6:29 pm waning gibbous · rises at 6:29 pm
- Diving tomorrow 10:00–11:50 am great day · 10/10
Today in Piombino there are high tides at 10:07 am (1.2 ft) and 10:12 pm (1.0 ft) and low tides at 3:39 am and 4:11 pm. Tide coefficient 97. Right now the tide is falling toward the low tide at 4:18 am. The sun rises at 6:47 am and sets at 5:16 pm: 10 h 29 min of daylight. The moon is 93% illuminated (waning gibbous) and rises at 6:29 pm. Major solunar periods run from 12:38 am to 2:38 am and from 1:09 pm to 3:09 pm. The next spring tides arrive from October 26 to 28. The sea is smooth, with 0.5 ft waves. There's a light air from the north-northeast (3 mph). Partly cloudy, 59 °F.
Fishing in Piombino today
Best time to fish
Solunar activity today: high- High tide at 10:07 am, coefficient 97
- Minor period 9:15–10:15 am (moonset)
- Steady pressure (30.15 inHg), almost no wind and calm sea (0.4 ft waves)
- Waning gibbous: a bit more activity than at the quarters
- Highest tide coefficient today: 97 (spring tides)
Your day at a glance
The best window, 9:10 am to 10:10 am, combines the 10:07 am high tide and moonset. Also good from 3:10 pm to 5:10 pm, with the 4:11 pm low tide and sunset.
Species with the most records nearby: striped mullet, striped red mullet, common octopus and salema. October is one of the months when these are seen most: striped red mullet and common octopus. What you can catch
Beach day in Piombino
Is it a beach day?
1 good hour- Cross-shore breeze (6 mph)
- Calm for swimming: 0.5 ft waves
- Water at 71 °F (nice)
- Low tide at 4:11 pm: more sand
- Cloudy (85% cloud cover)
- Feels like 65 °F: a bit cool
Today, hour by hour
- Swimming Calm · 0.5 ft
0.5 ft waves: calm for swimming. Low rip current risk. Always follow the lifeguard's flags.
- Water 71 °F
Nice for swimming.
- Sun & sunscreen UV 3 · SPF 15
Max UV 3 (low): SPF 15 sunscreen.
- Wind 6 mph
Cross-shore breeze (6 mph).
- Tide & sand 3:39 am
Low tide at 3:39 am and 4:11 pm: that's when there's the most sand. High tide at 10:07 am and 10:12 pm. Coefficient 97 (spring tides): little sand left at high tide.
We don't have data on jellyfish, sargassum or beach closures: ask the lifeguard or check with the local beach authority. How it works · The next 7 days
Beaches near Piombino
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Spiaggia sotto Bernardini 0.5 mi · SE
- Restrooms
- Parking
Excellent water quality 2025 season, EEA
- Spiaggia degli ex Macelli 0.7 mi · SE
- Parking
- Spiaggia di Cala Moresca 1.5 mi · NW
- Parking
Excellent water quality 2025 season, EEA
- Spiaggia Lunga 2.2 mi · NW
- Baratti Beach 4.9 mi · N
- Restrooms
- Parking
Excellent water quality 2025 season, EEA
Named beaches within 6.2 mi, nearest first. Amenities from OpenStreetMap: some may be missing or out of date. View on OpenStreetMap · Add or fix on OpenStreetMap
Beaches and amenities: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Bathing water quality: European Environment Agency (EEA), with data from the Italian Ministry of Health (Portale Acque).
Webcams near Piombino
Webcams provided by windy.com — add a webcam
Tides in Piombino
Today's high and low tides
- ▼ Low tide 3:39 am 0.1 ft
- ▲ High tide 10:07 am 1.2 ft · coef. 97
- ▼ Low tide 4:11 pm 0.2 ft
- ▲ High tide 10:12 pm 1.0 ft · coef. 93
↓ Falling The tide is falling. 4 h 23 min to low tide at 4:18 am.
Tide coefficient 97 for the 10:07 am high tide and 93 for the 10:12 pm high tide. Spring tides. The water rises and falls 1.1 ft between the highest high and the lowest low: a large range for this place. 70 is an average tide here; 90 and above means spring tides; below 45, neap tides. What is the tide coefficient?
2026 extremes: the highest tide of the year is on November 26 (1.2 ft) and the lowest, on February 19 (-0.3 ft).
Mixed: two high and two low tides a day, but of quite different heights.
Heights above MLWS. Astronomical prediction: wind and air pressure can raise or lower the water by a few inches, and more in a storm. Not for navigation. MLWS
Tide coefficient and range in October
The biggest tides of the month came from October 26 to 27 (coefficient 102, 1.1 ft range). The smallest, from October 18 to 19 (coefficient 29, 0.5 ft).
Tide and solunar table · this week
| Day | Sun | Tide 1 | Tide 2 | Tide 3 | Tide 4 | Coef. | Moon | Major periods | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today, Wed 28 | 6:47 am · 5:16 pm | Low tide 3:39 am · 0.1 ft | High tide 10:07 am · 1.2 ft | Low tide 4:11 pm · 0.2 ft | High tide 10:12 pm · 1.0 ft | Coef. 97 | 93% | Major periods 12:38 am · 1:09 pm | High |
| Thu 29 | 6:48 am · 5:14 pm | Low tide 4:18 am · 0.1 ft | High tide 10:56 am · 1.2 ft | Low tide 5:06 pm · 0.3 ft | High tide 10:58 pm · 1.0 ft | Coef. 88 | 85% | Major periods 1:41 am · 2:14 pm | Medium |
| Fri 30 | 6:50 am · 5:13 pm | Low tide 5:00 am · 0.2 ft | High tide 11:53 am · 1.2 ft | Low tide 6:10 pm · 0.4 ft | High tide 11:50 pm · 0.9 ft | Coef. 74 | 76% | Major periods 2:46 am · 3:18 pm | Medium |
| Sat 31 | 6:51 am · 5:12 pm | Low tide 5:50 am · 0.3 ft | High tide 1:00 pm · 1.1 ft | Low tide 7:27 pm · 0.4 ft | — | Coef. 60 | 66% | Major periods 3:49 am · 4:19 pm | Medium |
| Sun 1 | 6:52 am · 5:10 pm | High tide 12:56 am · 0.8 ft | Low tide 6:56 am · 0.4 ft | High tide 2:16 pm · 1.1 ft | Low tide 8:54 pm · 0.4 ft | Coef. 55 | Last quarter | Major periods 4:48 am · 5:16 pm | Medium |
| Mon 2 | 6:53 am · 5:09 pm | High tide 2:28 am · 0.7 ft | Low tide 8:28 am · 0.4 ft | High tide 3:29 pm · 1.1 ft | Low tide 10:18 pm · 0.4 ft | Coef. 50 | 43% | Major periods 5:42 am · 6:07 pm | Medium |
| Tue 3 | 6:55 am · 5:08 pm | High tide 4:12 am · 0.8 ft | Low tide 10:01 am · 0.4 ft | High tide 4:34 pm · 1.1 ft | Low tide 11:22 pm · 0.3 ft | Coef. 56 | 33% | Major periods 6:32 am · 6:55 pm | Medium |
▲ high tide · ▼ low tide · heights above MLWS. Major periods: start time; they last 2 hours. Activity: based on the moon phase and the solunar periods.
Where this tide comes from
Piombino has no station of its own, so we use the tide at Marina di Campo (TICON-4), 19 mi away. On the open coast the difference is usually a few minutes and inches; inside estuaries, rivers and enclosed bays it can be much larger.
Station data attribution: Slackwater database (https://github.com/openwatersio/slackwater-database). Source: Hart-Davis, M., Dettmering, D., Seitz, F. (2025), TICON-4: TIdal CONstants based on GESLA-4 sea-level records, SEANOE, https://doi.org/10.17882/109129. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Modified: see https://github.com/openwatersio/slackwater-database#modifications-to-source-data
The sea at Piombino
Sea stateSea state: smooth
The waves you may find
- Most commonMost common0.3 ft
- Significant0.5 ft
- Highest expectedHighest1.1 ft
One wave in seven is higher than the significant height, and about 3 times a day one reaches 1.1 ft. Before heading out, expect waves of up to 1.1 ft.
Wind on the coast and offshore
Offshore wind. The coast faces southwest and the wind blows from land out to sea: calm shore and clean waves, but watch the drift out to sea.
Wave height, next 7 daysWaves, next 7 days
Waves build over the next few days. The biggest waves arrive on Monday 2: 3.3 ft with a period of 4 s, from the north-northwest (slight).
Water temperature
Water temperature →Water temperature changes how fish behave: in very cold or very warm water they feed less. The water cools over the next few days: about 69.1 °F by Tuesday 3.
Water warmer than normal for late October (+3.5 °F).
Satellite: NASA MUR (JPL MUR MEaSUREs, PO.DAAC), doi:10.5067/GHGMR-4FJ04. Sources and licenses
Water temperature →Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 11:55 pm (local time).
Surf in Piombino today
Surf today
Flat- Barely any waves (0.1 ft sets): flat
- Almost no wind (3 mph): glassy water
- First or last light of the day
- Rising tide (high tide at 10:07 am)
It’s flat today: almost no waves reach this coast.
- Light: First light 6:18 am · sunrise 6:47 am · sunset 5:16 pm · last light 5:45 pm
- Tide: low 3:39 am (0.1 ft), high 10:07 am (1.2 ft), low 4:11 pm (0.2 ft) and high 10:12 pm (1.0 ft). Every break has its own tide: some work at low tide and others at high tide. The tide doesn’t change the score here.
- Water at 71.1 °F: a springsuit or a 2 mm fullsuit.
- Energy: 0 kJ · Low power
Today’s surf at a glance
The best window, 6:18 am to 10:00 am, has glassy water, though with barely any waves.
An estimate for this stretch of coast, not for a specific break: every beach or reef works its own way (its tide, bottom and angle). Check it when you get there.
Follow the flags and the lifeguards, and don’t paddle out if the surf is above your level: this score is a guide, not a substitute for what you see when you get there.
Diving in Piombino today
Diving and snorkeling today
Likely visibility: good- Slack water around high tide (10:07 am): little current from 9:50 am to 10:30 am
- 0.3 ft swell at 2 s from the northeast: barely any surge
- Almost no wind
- 0.2 mph current toward the northwest, weak (model)
- Sun high: more light underwater
- Slack water today: low tide 3:39 am (3:20–4:00 am), high tide 10:07 am (9:50–10:30 am), low tide 4:11 pm (3:50–4:30 pm) and high tide 10:12 pm (9:50–10:30 pm)
- Likely visibility: good. The sea has been calm and there's been little rain. Based on the last 24 hours of data.
- Water at 71.1 °F: a 5 mm wetsuit.
- Snorkeling: good, calm sea and light wind.
- Night dive: dark from 5:45 pm. Waning gibbous (93%), rising at 6:29 pm: a bright night.
Your diving day at a glance
The best window, 9:20 am to 10:50 am, combines slack water at high tide, little swell, light wind, weak current and the sun high. Also good from 3:30 pm to 5:00 pm, with slack water at low tide, little swell, light wind and weak current.
Slack water comes from the tide: in inlets, channels and between islands the water can keep running for an hour or two after. Ask the local dive shop.
Never dive alone and check with the local dive shop: this rating is a guide, not a substitute for a professional.
Dive sites, wrecks and dive shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Cerboli Anchor 5.0 mi
- Storico 3.4 mi
- Wreck 1.7 mi
- Wreck 1.8 mi
- Area naturale protetta di interesse locale della Sterpaia 5.9 mi
- Parco Nazionale dell'Arcipelago Toscano 7.5 mi
- Baratti Diving 4.9 mi
- Ecodiving Cavo Elba 7.0 mi
- Bolle d'Azoto Elba 7.0 mi
- Sporting Club Cavo Diving 7.1 mi
- Rio Diving Center 9.1 mi
- Dive Tuscany 9.9 mi
Within 12 mi. Some may be missing or closed; marine reserves usually need a permit. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Wreck and reef positions are approximate and not for navigation; a wreck’s depth runs from the top of the hull to the seabed.
Sites: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Wrecks: EMODnet Human Activities (AND-International), from UK Hydrographic Office data, CC BY 4.0. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Weather in Piombino
Now in Piombino
- Low / high
- 56 / 68 °F
- Rain
- 0.00 in · 0%
- Clouds
- 70%
- Humidity
- 82%
- Dew pointDew point
- 53 °F
- Visibility
- 19 mi
- UV indexUV
- 0 · low
- Air qualityAir
- Fair · 29
- Saharan dust
- No
- Pollen
- None
Pressure and fishing
- ↗ RisingRising Anglers say fish bite less for a while
- → SteadySteady · now Anglers expect normal activity
- ↘ FallingFalling Anglers say fish feed more before the change
Steady now (+0.01 inHg in 3 hours). It barely changes over the next 48 hours. Steady pressure: anglers expect normal activity. Fast changes, either way, tend to affect fishing.
Today, hour by hourHour by hour
Bars: mean wind. Dashed line: gusts. Arrows point where the wind blows to.
| Time | 12:00 am | 3:00 am | 6:00 am | 9:00 am | 12:00 pm | 3:00 pm | 6:00 pm | 9:00 pm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sky | Mainly clear | Overcast | Overcast | Overcast | Partly cloudy | Overcast | Mainly clear | Partly cloudy |
| Temperature | 60° | 58° | 56° | 60° | 67° | 67° | 65° | 60° |
| Wind (mph) | 4 ENE | 3 NE | 3 NE | 2 NE | 3 NNW | 6 NW | 3 NW | 3 NE |
| Gusts | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 7 | 4 |
| Waves | 0.5 ft | 0.5 ft | 0.5 ft | 0.5 ft | 0.4 ft | 0.5 ft | 0.5 ft | 0.6 ft |
| Rain | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in |
- 12:00 am 59° 3 NNE 0.5 ft
- 3:00 am 58° 3 NE 0.5 ft
- 6:00 am 57° 3 NE 0.5 ft
- 9:00 am 61° 2 NE 0.5 ft
- 12:00 pm 69° 4 NE 0.4 ft
- 3:00 pm 71° 3 NNE 0.3 ft
- 6:00 pm 67° 8 ENE 0.4 ft
- 9:00 pm 62° 6 ENE 0.7 ft
Next 14 daysComing days
| Day | Sky | Low / high | Max wind | Max wave | High tides |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today · 28 | 56 / 68 °F | 6 mph N | 0.6 ft | 10:07 am · 10:12 pm | |
| Thu 29 | 57 / 71 °F | 9 mph NE | 0.7 ft | 10:56 am · 10:58 pm | |
| Fri 30 | 55 / 67 °F | 9 mph NNE | 1.2 ft | 11:53 am · 11:50 pm | |
| Sat 31 | 56 / 67 °F | 9 mph NNE | 1.3 ft | 1:00 pm | |
| Sun 1 | 52 / 62 °F | 15 mph NNE | 2.0 ft | 12:56 am · 2:16 pm | |
| Mon 2 | 52 / 60 °F | 16 mph N | 3.3 ft | 2:28 am · 3:29 pm | |
| Tue 3 | 50 / 60 °F | 10 mph NNE | 3.2 ft | 4:12 am · 4:34 pm | |
| Wed 4 | 47 / 63 °F | 9 mph NE | 1.7 ft | 5:27 am · 5:29 pm | |
| Thu 5 | 46 / 62 °F | 9 mph NE | 1.7 ft | 6:19 am · 6:16 pm | |
| Fri 6 | 43 / 60 °F | 8 mph NE | 1.0 ft | 7:01 am · 6:59 pm | |
| Sat 7 | 42 / 61 °F | 7 mph NE | 0.9 ft | 7:38 am · 7:37 pm | |
| Sun 8 | 41 / 62 °F | 6 mph ENE | — | 8:12 am · 8:13 pm | |
| Mon 9 | 47 / 64 °F | 8 mph ESE | — | 8:45 am · 8:47 pm | |
| Tue 10 | 55 / 64 °F | 11 mph ESE | — | 9:18 am · 9:20 pm |
- Thu 29 Partly cloudy 57° / 71° 0.7 ft
- Fri 30 Partly cloudy 55° / 67° 1.2 ft
- Sat 31 Partly cloudy 56° / 67° 1.3 ft
- Sun 1 Overcast 52° / 62° 2.0 ft
- Mon 2 Overcast 52° / 60° 3.3 ft
- Tue 3 Light drizzle 50° / 60° 3.2 ft
- Wed 4 Mainly clear 47° / 63° 1.7 ft
Each day comes from the best model covering this spot: regional ones first (HRRR and NBM in the U.S., AROME, ICON-EU), then ECMWF; day 16, NOAA GFS. Waves: Météo-France up to day 10, then ECMWF WAM, coarser and further offshore. High tides: our own tide calculation.
- The models They agree · high confidence for the next few days. See the models →
- Outlook Next few weeks, compared with normal: normal temperatures, a bit drier and a near-normal sea. See the outlook →
- Normal Today, normal highs for late October (67 °F). Climate by month →
Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 11:55 pm (local time).
The sun in Piombino
Sunrise and sunset
- First light 5:45 am
- Full dark 6:18 pm
- Civil dawn 6:18 am
- Civil dusk 5:45 pm
- Solar noon 12:02 pm (34° high)
- Daylight 10 h 29 min (−3 min)
- Evening golden hour 4:36 pm
- Full dark 6:18 pm
Golden hour and the day-night map
Today the sun is 92,360,576 mi away and looks 32′ 11″ across.
The moon in Piombino
Moon phase and position
Today the moon is 226,461 mi away and looks 32′ 47″ across.
Solunar periods
Today's activity: high- 12:38–2:38 am Major · the moon passes overhead · high activity
- 1:09–3:09 pm Major · the moon passes underfoot · high activity
- 9:15–10:15 am Minor · moonset · medium activity
- 5:59–6:59 pm Minor · moonrise · medium activity
According to solunar theory, fish feed more when the moon passes overhead or underfoot (major periods, about 2 h) and when it rises or sets (minor periods, 1 h). It works best around new and full moon.
Upcoming moon phases
2026 moon calendar →- Last quarter Sun, Nov 1 · 9:29 pmNov 1 in 4 days
- New moon Mon, Nov 9 · 8:03 amNov 9 in 12 days
- First quarter Tue, Nov 17 · 12:48 pmNov 17 in 20 days
- Full moon Tue, Nov 24 · 3:54 pmNov 24 in 27 days
Perigee on October 28, 226,426 mi away, coinciding with the spring tides from October 26 to 28: they will be stronger than usual.
Where to fish in Piombino
Piers, ramps and tackle shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Jetty 0.3 mi
- Jetty 1.0 mi
- Jetty 1.3 mi
- Jetty 2.1 mi
- Boat ramp 0.3 mi
- Boat ramp 0.9 mi
- Boat ramp 1.0 mi
- Marina di Salivoli 1.0 mi
- Porto Industriale di Piombino 1.2 mi
- New Fishing Team Colmic 0.0 mi
- A'Mare pesca Piombino 0.9 mi
- Fuel dock 1.0 mi
Within 9.3 mi. A spot may be missing or closed. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Spots: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) and Overture Maps.
Water depth
Deepens quicklyThe bottom deepens quickly: 33 ft of water 1,050 ft from shore.
From the shoreline (0.3 mi from Piombino) out to sea, heading southwest.
How far from shore
- 16 ft deep360 ft
- 33 ft deep1,050 ft
- 66 ft deep0.5 mi
- 164 ft deepnot within 3.1 mi
For fishing, swimming and diving
- Shore fishing. Deep water close in: about 15 ft just 330 ft out. Good for casting from rocks, jetties or the beach itself; current and surf hit harder here.
- Swimming. The bottom drops quickly near the shore and you are soon out of your depth. Keep an eye on kids and weak swimmers.
- Diving. Shore diving works here: 33 ft at 1,050 ft and 66 ft at 0.5 mi from shore.
Right by the shore the bottom may drop even faster than shown.
Source: EMODnet Bathymetry DTM 2024 (CC BY 4.0), cells of about 380 ft; depth at the lowest astronomical tide. For reference only: not for navigation or anchoring.
Nearest lighthouse
Piombino lighthouse 0.4 mi south
- Light
- 3 white flashes every 15 s · Fl(3) W 15s
- Range
- 11 nautical miles (13 mi)
- Light height
- 59 ft above sea level
- Tower height
- 16 ft
- Built
- 1928
Other lighthouses nearby: Baratti lighthouse (4.9 mi north), Palmaiola Lighthouse (4.9 mi southwest).
Light details: NGA List of Lights (USA); the rest from Wikidata. For reference only: not for navigation. Wikipedia · Wikidata · Sources and licenses
Tides near PiombinoTides nearby
- Rio Marina9.2 mi
- San Vincenzo11 mi
- Follonica12 mi
- Porto Azzurro13 mi
- Portoferraio13 mi
- Punta Ala14 mi
- Capoliveri15 mi
- Donoratico17 mi
- Pian di Rocca18 mi
- Roccamare18 mi
Piombino at a glance
- Town or city of about 34,041 people. Coordinates: 42.926° N, 10.526° E.
- It is 44 mi south of Livorno, the main place in Tuscany. The sun rises 2 min earlier and sets at the same time than in Livorno.
- The nearest tide station, Marina di Campo, is 19 mi to the southwest.
- Its coast faces southwest.
- Beaches and harbors nearby: Portovecchio di Piombino (0.7 mi), Banchina Savino Barani (0.9 mi), Banchina Premuda (1.0 mi), Pontile Elba (1.1 mi).
Questions about PiombinoQuestions
What time is high tide today in Piombino?
Today in Piombino there are high tides at 10:07 am (1.2 ft) and 10:12 pm (1.0 ft) and low tides at 3:39 am and 4:11 pm. Tide coefficient 97.
What time is sunset today in Piombino?
At 5:16 pm. There is light until the end of civil twilight, at 5:45 pm.
What time is sunrise tomorrow in Piombino?
At 6:48 am. First light comes at 5:46 am.
What phase is the moon today?
Waning gibbous, 93% illuminated. New moon on Mon, Nov 9 · 8:03 am.
When are the next spring tides?
From October 26 to 28, together with the lunar perigee: they will be stronger than usual.
What are today's solunar periods?
Major 12:38–2:38 am, Minor 9:15–10:15 am, Major 1:09–3:09 pm, Minor 5:59–6:59 pm. Today's activity is high.
What's the weather like today in Piombino?
Overcast, from 56 °F to 68 °F, with a light air from the north-northeast (3 mph) and a 0% chance of rain.
How is the sea today in Piombino?
Smooth (Douglas 2): 0.5 ft waves with a period of 4.0 s from the northwest. The water is 71.1 °F.
When is the best time to visit Piombino?
The best time to visit Piombino is from June to August: highs of 80 °F to 86 °F, about 4 rainy days a month and 11 hours of sunshine a day.
Can I use this data for navigation?
No. These are predictions for fishing and leisure; for navigation, use the official publications.
Where this data comes from
Tide: Marina di Campo station, with constants from TICON-4 (Hart-Davis, Dettmering and Seitz, 2025, SEANOE), licensed CC BY 4.0, via Slackwater database (changes). Sun and moon: our own calculation with astronomy-engine. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Coastline: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).