South Bay Beach today
- Beach day 1:00–5:00 pm Perfect beach day · 9/10
- Tide now 2.3 ft ↑ rising · high 12:35 pm (5.3 ft)
- Best time to fish 3:00–4:00 pm good day · 8/10
- Waves · water 3.4 ft · 81 °F slight · 5.8 s from the east
- Wind · air 13 mph · 77 °F from the ENE, gusts 30 · overcast
- Sun 6:26 am–5:48 pm 11 h 23 min of daylight
- Moon 88% · 8:25 pm waning gibbous · rises at 8:25 pm
- Best time to dive 11:30 am–2:30 pm great day · 9/10
Today in South Bay Beach there are high tides at 12:35 pm (5.3 ft) and 10:10 pm (8.6 ft) and low tides at 5:24 am and 4:01 pm. Tide coefficient 92. Right now the tide is rising toward the high tide at 12:35 pm. The sun rises at 6:26 am and sets at 5:48 pm: 11 h 23 min of daylight. The moon is 88% illuminated (waning gibbous) and rises at 8:25 pm. Major solunar periods run from 1:28 am to 3:28 am and from 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm. The next spring tides arrive from October 27 to 29. The sea is slight, with 3.4 ft waves. There's a moderate breeze from the east-northeast (13 mph). Overcast, 77 °F.
Beach day in South Bay Beach
Is it a beach day?
4 good hours- Sunny
- Feels like 85 °F: beach weather
- Calm for swimming: 2.8 ft waves
- UV 6 (moderate): SPF 30 sunscreen
- Water at 82 °F (warm)
- Low tide at 4:01 pm: more sand
Today, hour by hour
- Swimming Calm · 2.8 ft
2.8 ft waves: calm for swimming. Low rip current risk. Always follow the lifeguard's flags.
- Water 81 °F
Warm: very pleasant.
- Sun & sunscreen UV 6 · SPF 50
Max UV 6 (high): SPF 50 sunscreen, reapplied every 2 hours.
- Wind 13 mph
Moderate offshore wind (13 mph). Skip the inflatables: offshore wind carries them out to sea.
- Tide & sand 4:01 pm
Low tide at 5:24 am and 4:01 pm: that's when there's the most sand. High tide at 12:35 pm and 10:10 pm. Coefficient 92 (spring tides): little sand left at high tide.
The best window, 1:00 pm to 5:00 pm, brings sunshine, beach weather, a calm sea, water at 82 °F and low tide at 4:01 pm, though with light offshore wind.
We don't have data on jellyfish, sargassum or beach closures: ask the lifeguard or check with the local beach authority. How it works · The next 7 days
About South Bay BeachThe beach
In Chek Chue, 1.1 mi from the center. Tides, weather and sun in Chek Chue →
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
- Restrooms
- Showers
Amenities from OpenStreetMap: some may be missing or out of date. See on OpenStreetMap · Fix on OpenStreetMap
Bathing water quality: Environmental Protection Department, HKSAR Government; DATA.GOV.HK (DATA.GOV.HK terms). Full attribution.
Beaches near South Bay Beach
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Middle Bay Beach 0.3 mi · N
- Restrooms
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
- Chung Hom Kok Beach 0.6 mi · SE
- Restrooms
- Parking
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
- Repulse Bay Beach 0.8 mi · N
- Restrooms
- Parking
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
- Round Island Beach 1.0 mi · SW
- Hairpin Beach 1.1 mi · E
- Restrooms
- Stanley Main Beach 1.1 mi · E
- Restrooms
- Parking
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
- St. Stephen's Beach 1.4 mi · SE
- Restrooms
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
- Turtle Cove Beach 1.7 mi · E
- Lifeguard
- Restrooms
- This week's grade: good (grade 1) (October 28)
Named beaches within 6.2 mi, nearest first. Amenities from OpenStreetMap: some may be missing or out of date. View on OpenStreetMap · Add or fix on OpenStreetMap
Beaches and amenities: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).
Bathing water quality: Environmental Protection Department, HKSAR Government; DATA.GOV.HK (DATA.GOV.HK terms). Full attribution.
Webcams near South Bay Beach
Webcams provided by windy.com — add a webcam
Fishing in South Bay Beach today
Best time to fish
Solunar activity today: medium- Low tide at 4:01 pm
- Major period 2:00–4:00 pm
- Steady pressure (30.03 inHg), light offshore wind (9 mph) and some swell (2.5 ft waves) to stir the water
- Waning gibbous: a bit more activity than at the quarters
- Highest tide coefficient today: 92 (spring tides)
Your day at a glance
The best window, 3:00 pm to 4:00 pm, combines the 4:01 pm low tide, a major period and some swell. Also good from 11:30 am to 1:30 pm, with the 12:35 pm high tide and some swell.
Species with the most records nearby: striped mullet, mahi-mahi, barramundi and blackhead seabream. What you can catch
Tides in South Bay Beach
Today's high and low tides
- ▼ Low tide 5:24 am 1.5 ft
- ▲ Next high tide 12:35 pm 5.3 ft · coef. 92
- ▼ Low tide 4:01 pm 4.4 ft
- ▲ High tide 10:10 pm 8.6 ft · coef. 87
↑ Rising The tide is rising. 5 h 35 min to high tide at 12:35 pm.
Tide coefficient 92 for the 12:35 pm high tide and 87 for the 10:10 pm high tide. Spring tides. The water rises and falls 7.1 ft between the highest high and the lowest low: a large range for this place. 70 is an average tide here; 90 and above means spring tides; below 45, neap tides. What is the tide coefficient?
2026 extremes: the highest tide of the year is on November 26 (8.9 ft) and the lowest, on June 16 (-0.1 ft).
Mixed: two high and two low tides a day, but of quite different heights.
Heights above chart datum: the lowest astronomical tide (LAT), the zero of nautical charts in Europe. Astronomical prediction: wind and air pressure can raise or lower the water by a few inches, and more in a storm. Not for navigation. chart datum (LAT)
Tide coefficient and range in October
The biggest tides of the month came from October 26 to 27 (coefficient 105, 6.3 ft range). The smallest, from October 18 to 19 (coefficient 22, 3.9 ft).
Tide and solunar table · this week
| Day | Sun | Tide 1 | Tide 2 | Tide 3 | Tide 4 | Coef. | Moon | Major periods | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today, Thu 29 | 6:26 am · 5:48 pm | Low tide 5:24 am · 1.5 ft | High tide 12:35 pm · 5.3 ft | Low tide 4:01 pm · 4.4 ft | High tide 10:10 pm · 8.6 ft | Coef. 92 | 88% | Major periods 1:28 am · 2:00 pm | Medium |
| Fri 30 | 6:26 am · 5:47 pm | Low tide 6:18 am · 1.6 ft | High tide 1:48 pm · 4.9 ft | Low tide 4:26 pm · 4.6 ft | High tide 10:53 pm · 8.4 ft | Coef. 78 | 79% | Major periods 2:33 am · 3:05 pm | Medium |
| Sat 31 | 6:27 am · 5:47 pm | Low tide 7:18 am · 1.8 ft | High tide 11:54 pm · 8.1 ft | — | — | Coef. 56 | 69% | Major periods 3:36 am · 4:07 pm | Medium |
| Sun 1 | 6:27 am · 5:46 pm | Low tide 8:27 am · 2.1 ft | — | — | — | Coef. 53 | 58% | Major periods 4:37 am · 5:05 pm | Medium |
| Mon 2 | 6:28 am · 5:46 pm | High tide 1:55 am · 7.6 ft | Low tide 9:48 am · 2.4 ft | — | — | Coef. 46 | Last quarter | Major periods 5:32 am · 5:58 pm | Medium |
| Tue 3 | 6:28 am · 5:45 pm | High tide 3:28 am · 7.2 ft | Low tide 11:03 am · 2.6 ft | High tide 6:48 pm · 5.7 ft | Low tide 9:54 pm · 5.2 ft | Coef. 52 | 36% | Major periods 6:23 am · 6:47 pm | Medium |
| Wed 4 | 6:29 am · 5:45 pm | High tide 4:55 am · 6.8 ft | Low tide 11:53 am · 2.8 ft | High tide 7:07 pm · 6.0 ft | Low tide 11:37 pm · 4.7 ft | Coef. 61 | 26% | Major periods 7:10 am · 7:33 pm | Low |
▲ high tide · ▼ low tide · heights above chart datum (LAT). Major periods: start time; they last 2 hours. Activity: based on the moon phase and the solunar periods.
Where this tide comes from
South Bay Beach has no station of its own, so we use the tide at Hong Kong (TICON-4), 5.3 mi away. On the open coast the difference is usually a few minutes and inches; inside estuaries, rivers and enclosed bays it can be much larger.
Station data attribution: Slackwater database (https://github.com/openwatersio/slackwater-database). Source: Hart-Davis, M., Dettmering, D., Seitz, F. (2025), TICON-4: TIdal CONstants based on GESLA-4 sea-level records, SEANOE, https://doi.org/10.17882/109129. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Modified: see https://github.com/openwatersio/slackwater-database#modifications-to-source-data
The sea at South Bay Beach
Sea stateSea state: slight
The waves you may find
- Most commonMost common1.7 ft
- Significant3.4 ft
- Highest expectedHighest7.1 ft
One wave in seven is higher than the significant height, and about 3 times a day one reaches 7.1 ft. Before heading out, expect waves of up to 7.1 ft.
Wind on the coast and offshore
Cross-offshore wind. The coast faces southwest and the wind comes off the land at an angle: calmer water near the shore, and bait and boats drift out to sea.
Wave height, next 7 daysWaves, next 7 days
Waves stay much the same all week. The biggest waves arrive on Thursday 29: 3.8 ft with a period of 6 s, from the east (slight).
Water temperature
Water temperature →Water temperature changes how fish behave: in very cold or very warm water they feed less. The water is steady these days, with no sudden changes.
Water warmer than normal for late October (+3.2 °F).
Satellite: NASA MUR (JPL MUR MEaSUREs, PO.DAAC), doi:10.5067/GHGMR-4FJ04. Sources and licenses
Water temperature →Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 6:59 am (local time).
Nearest marine station
This is a real measurement of the sea, not a forecast. Data from the WMO Global Telecommunication System (GTS), from a station in Hong Kong SAR China, via NOAA OSMC (public domain, CC0).
Diving in South Bay Beach today
Diving and snorkeling today
Likely visibility: good- Slack water around high tide (12:35 pm): little current from 12:10 pm to 1:00 pm
- 2.2 ft swell at 5 s from the east-southeast: some surge on the bottom
- Light offshore wind (10 mph)
- 0.4 mph current toward the southwest, weak (model)
- Sun high: more light underwater
- Slack water today: low tide 5:24 am (5:09–5:40 am), high tide 12:35 pm (12:10–1:00 pm), low tide 4:01 pm (3:30–4:20 pm) and high tide 10:10 pm (9:40–11:20 pm)
- Likely visibility: good. Swell (up to 2.6 ft at 6 s) over the last few days has stirred up the water. Based on the last 24 hours of data.
- Water at 81.1 °F: a shorty or a rash guard.
- Snorkeling: doable, with some waves or wind.
- Night dive: dark from 6:11 pm. Waning gibbous (88%), rising at 8:25 pm: a bright night.
Your diving day at a glance
The best window, 11:30 am to 2:30 pm, combines slack water at high tide, light wind, weak current and the sun high. Also worth a look from 9:10 am to 10:20 am, with light wind, weak current and the sun high, though with tidal current.
Slack water comes from the tide: in inlets, channels and between islands the water can keep running for an hour or two after. Ask the local dive shop.
Never dive alone and check with the local dive shop: this rating is a guide, not a substitute for a professional.
Dive sites, wrecks and dive shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Shelter Island North Fish seen: Siganus canaliculatus, Chinese Damsel, Neopomacentrus cyanomos, Pearl-spot Chromis 9.4 mi
- Trio Island Fish seen: Chinese Damsel, Siganus canaliculatus, Kner's wrasse, Pearl-spot Chromis 9.4 mi
- Sharp Island Fish seen: Chinese Damsel, Siganus canaliculatus, Kner's wrasse, Amblygobius phalaena 11 mi
- Basalt Island South Fish seen: Pearl-spot Chromis, Siganus canaliculatus, Pempheris oualensis, Chinese Damsel 12 mi
- Wreck 1.1 mi
- Wreck 1.2 mi
- Wreck 3.4 mi
- Cape D'Aguilar Marine Reserve 4.0 mi
- Sham Wan Restricted Area 4.5 mi
- Urban Diver Ltd 3.9 mi
- Diving Adventure 3.9 mi
- ProDive 4.0 mi
Within 12 mi. Some may be missing or closed; marine reserves usually need a permit. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Wreck and reef positions are approximate and not for navigation; a wreck’s depth runs from the top of the hull to the seabed.
Sites: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Wrecks: EMODnet Human Activities (AND-International), from UK Hydrographic Office data, CC BY 4.0. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Sites and fish: Reef Life Survey / IMOS NRMN, CC BY 4.0; fish names, Wikidata.
Weather in South Bay Beach
Now in South Bay Beach
- Low / high
- 77 / 82 °F
- Rain
- 0.00 in · 8%
- Clouds
- 94%
- Humidity
- 75%
- Dew pointDew point
- 69 °F
- Visibility
- 15 mi
- UV indexUV
- 0 · low
- Air qualityAir
- Moderate · 43
- Saharan dust
- No
Pressure and fishing
- ↗ RisingRising · now Anglers say fish bite less for a while
- → SteadySteady Anglers expect normal activity
- ↘ FallingFalling Anglers say fish feed more before the change
Rising now (+0.04 inHg in 3 hours). It barely changes over the next 48 hours. Rising pressure: anglers say fish bite less for a while. Fast changes, either way, tend to affect fishing.
Today, hour by hourHour by hour
Bars: mean wind. Dashed line: gusts. Arrows point where the wind blows to.
| Time | 12:00 am | 3:00 am | 6:00 am | 9:00 am | 12:00 pm | 3:00 pm | 6:00 pm | 9:00 pm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sky | Partly cloudy | Overcast | Overcast | Overcast | Partly cloudy | Clear sky | Clear | Clear |
| Temperature | 78° | 78° | 77° | 79° | 82° | 82° | 78° | 77° |
| Wind (mph) | 13 E | 14 E | 13 E | 12 ENE | 10 E | 10 ESE | 8 ESE | 6 ESE |
| Gusts | 28 | 29 | 30 | 28 | 24 | 24 | 22 | 12 |
| Waves | 3.8 ft | 3.7 ft | 3.5 ft | 3.2 ft | 2.9 ft | 2.6 ft | 2.4 ft | 2.2 ft |
| Rain | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in |
- 6:00 am 77° 13 E 3.5 ft
- 9:00 am 79° 12 ENE 3.2 ft
- 12:00 pm 82° 10 E 2.9 ft
- 3:00 pm 82° 10 ESE 2.6 ft
- 6:00 pm 78° 8 ESE 2.4 ft
- 9:00 pm 77° 6 ESE 2.2 ft
- 12:00 am 77° 4 ESE 2.1 ft
- 3:00 am 76° 4 ENE 1.9 ft
Next 14 daysComing days
| Day | Sky | Low / high | Max wind | Max wave | High tides |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today · 29 | 77 / 82 °F | 14 mph E | 3.8 ft | 12:35 pm · 10:10 pm | |
| Fri 30 | 75 / 84 °F | 9 mph ESE | 2.1 ft | 1:48 pm · 10:53 pm | |
| Sat 31 | 77 / 83 °F | 14 mph E | 2.5 ft | 11:54 pm | |
| Sun 1 | 76 / 83 °F | 14 mph E | 2.6 ft | — | |
| Mon 2 | 77 / 84 °F | 9 mph E | 2.3 ft | 1:55 am | |
| Tue 3 | 78 / 84 °F | 15 mph E | 2.9 ft | 3:28 am · 6:48 pm | |
| Wed 4 | 77 / 82 °F | 13 mph E | 3.3 ft | 4:55 am · 7:07 pm | |
| Thu 5 | 77 / 83 °F | 9 mph ESE | 3.2 ft | 6:16 am · 7:26 pm | |
| Fri 6 | 76 / 83 °F | 14 mph E | 2.2 ft | 7:25 am · 7:44 pm | |
| Sat 7 | 75 / 82 °F | 13 mph E | 2.7 ft | 8:26 am · 8:03 pm | |
| Sun 8 | 75 / 83 °F | 14 mph NE | — | 9:21 am · 8:21 pm | |
| Mon 9 | 70 / 82 °F | 14 mph NNE | — | 10:11 am · 8:39 pm | |
| Tue 10 | 67 / 80 °F | 12 mph NE | — | 11:00 am · 8:56 pm | |
| Wed 11 | 72 / 78 °F | 13 mph ENE | — | 11:48 am · 9:15 pm |
- Fri 30 Light drizzle 75° / 84° 2.1 ft
- Sat 31 Mainly clear 77° / 83° 2.5 ft
- Sun 1 Light drizzle 76° / 83° 2.6 ft
- Mon 2 Drizzle 77° / 84° 2.3 ft
- Tue 3 Light drizzle 78° / 84° 2.9 ft
- Wed 4 Drizzle 77° / 82° 3.3 ft
- Thu 5 Light drizzle 77° / 83° 3.2 ft
Each day comes from the best model covering this spot: regional ones first (HRRR and NBM in the U.S., AROME, ICON-EU), then ECMWF; day 16, NOAA GFS. Waves: Météo-France up to day 10, then ECMWF WAM, coarser and further offshore. High tides: our own tide calculation.
- The models Partly agree · medium confidence: unsure about wind today. See the models →
- Outlook Next few weeks, compared with normal: warmer and normal rain. See the outlook →
- Normal Today, warmer than normal for late October (+3.6 °F; normal high: 79 °F). Climate by month →
Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 6:59 am (local time).
The sun in South Bay Beach
Sunrise and sunset
- First light 5:36 am
- Full dark 6:37 pm
- Civil dawn 6:03 am
- Civil dusk 6:11 pm
- Solar noon 12:07 pm (54° high)
- Daylight 11 h 23 min (−1 min)
- Evening golden hour 5:17 pm
- Full dark 6:37 pm
Golden hour and the day-night map
Today the sun is 92,343,231 mi away and looks 32′ 11″ across.
The moon in South Bay Beach
Moon phase and position
Today the moon is 226,493 mi away and looks 32′ 46″ across.
Solunar periods
Today's activity: medium- 1:28–3:28 am Major · the moon passes overhead · high activity
- 2:00–4:00 pm Major · the moon passes underfoot · high activity
- 9:04–10:04 am Minor · moonset · medium activity
- 7:55–8:55 pm Minor · moonrise · medium activity
According to solunar theory, fish feed more when the moon passes overhead or underfoot (major periods, about 2 h) and when it rises or sets (minor periods, 1 h). It works best around new and full moon.
Upcoming moon phases
2026 moon calendar →- Last quarter Mon, Nov 2 · 4:29 amNov 2 in 4 days
- New moon Mon, Nov 9 · 3:03 pmNov 9 in 11 days
- First quarter Tue, Nov 17 · 7:48 pmNov 17 in 19 days
- Full moon Tue, Nov 24 · 10:54 pmNov 24 in 26 days
Perigee on October 29, 226,426 mi away, coinciding with the spring tides from October 27 to 29: they will be stronger than usual.
Where to fish in South Bay Beach
Piers, ramps and tackle shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Tong Shui Road Pier 4.7 mi
- Blake Pier at Stanley 1.0 mi
- 聖士提反灣南碼頭 1.4 mi
- 大潭灣童軍渡頭 2.0 mi
- Tai Tam Bay Pier 2.0 mi
- Boat ramp 1.1 mi
- Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club 1.0 mi
- Aberdeen Boat Club 1.1 mi
- Aberdeen Boat Club 2.5 mi
- Aberdeen South Typhoon Shelter 2.5 mi
- Po Kee Fishing Tackle 5.1 mi
- World Fishing Centre 5.9 mi
Within 9.3 mi. A spot may be missing or closed. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Spots: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) and Overture Maps.
Nearest lighthouse
Ngan Chau Lighthouse 1.1 mi southwest
- Light
- A flash every 10 s, alternating white, red and white · Al.Fl WRW 10s
- Range
- 11 nautical miles (13 mi)
- Light height
- 92 ft above sea level
- Tower height
- 13 ft
- Built
- 1972
Other lighthouses nearby: Bluff Point (2.3 mi southeast), Lo Chau Lighthouse (3.9 mi southeast).
Light details: NGA List of Lights (USA); the rest from Wikidata. For reference only: not for navigation. Wikidata · Sources and licenses
Tides near South Bay BeachTides nearby
- Chek Chue1.1 mi
- Shouson Hill2.0 mi
- Wong Chuk Hang2.0 mi
- Hong Kong Island2.8 mi
- Jardine's Lookout3.0 mi
- Shek Pai Wan Estate3.0 mi
- Happy Valley3.1 mi
- Aberdeen3.3 mi
- Shek O3.5 mi
- Leighton Hill3.6 mi
South Bay Beach at a glance
- Beach. Coordinates: 22.225° N, 114.197° E.
- It is 3.3 mi southeast of Aberdeen, the main place in Southern District. The sun rises at the same time and sets at the same time than in Aberdeen.
- In Chek Chue, 1.1 mi from the center.
- The nearest tide station, Hong Kong, is 5.3 mi to the north.
- Its coast faces southwest.
- Beaches and harbors nearby: Shek Pai Wan (3.6 mi), Queens Pier (historical) (4.6 mi).
Questions about South Bay BeachQuestions
Where is South Bay Beach?
In Chek Chue, 1.1 mi from the center, Southern District (Hong Kong). The shore faces southwest.
What amenities does South Bay Beach have?
According to OpenStreetMap: restrooms and showers. Some may be missing or out of date, so ask at the beach.
What time is high tide today in South Bay Beach?
Today in South Bay Beach there are high tides at 12:35 pm (5.3 ft) and 10:10 pm (8.6 ft) and low tides at 5:24 am and 4:01 pm. Tide coefficient 92.
What time is sunset today in South Bay Beach?
At 5:48 pm. There is light until the end of civil twilight, at 6:11 pm.
What time is sunrise tomorrow in South Bay Beach?
At 6:26 am. First light comes at 5:37 am.
What phase is the moon today?
Waning gibbous, 88% illuminated. New moon on Mon, Nov 9 · 3:03 pm.
When are the next spring tides?
From October 27 to 29, together with the lunar perigee: they will be stronger than usual.
What are today's solunar periods?
Major 1:28–3:28 am, Minor 9:04–10:04 am, Major 2:00–4:00 pm, Minor 7:55–8:55 pm. Today's activity is medium.
What's the weather like today in South Bay Beach?
Overcast, from 77 °F to 82 °F, with a moderate breeze from the east-northeast (13 mph) and a 8% chance of rain.
How is the sea today in South Bay Beach?
Slight (Douglas 3): 3.4 ft waves with a period of 5.8 s from the east. The water is 81.1 °F.
When is the best time to visit South Bay Beach?
The best time to visit South Bay Beach is from October to November: highs of 76 °F to 82 °F, about 4 rainy days a month and 5 hours of sunshine a day.
Can I use this data for navigation?
No. These are predictions for fishing and leisure; for navigation, use the official publications.
Where this data comes from
Tide: Hong Kong station, with constants from TICON-4 (Hart-Davis, Dettmering and Seitz, 2025, SEANOE), licensed CC BY 4.0, via Slackwater database (changes). Sun and moon: our own calculation with astronomy-engine. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Coastline: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).