Helgoland tides today
- Tide now 9.7 ft ↓ falling · low 8:05 am (2.0 ft)
- Best time to fish 7:00–8:20 am average day · 6/10
- Beach day Not today Not a beach day · 1/10
- Waves · water 4.8 ft · 58 °F moderate · 6.1 s from the west
- Wind · air 12 mph · 57 °F from the WNW, gusts 17 · partly cloudy
- Sun 7:24 am–5:00 pm 9 h 36 min of daylight
- Moon 85% · 6:27 pm waning gibbous · rises at 6:27 pm
- Best time to dive 1:00–2:30 pm good day · 8/10
Today in Helgoland there are high tides at 1:13 am (10.5 ft) and 1:37 pm (10.4 ft) and low tides at 8:05 am and 8:25 pm. Tide coefficient 79. Right now the tide is falling toward the low tide at 8:05 am. The sun rises at 7:24 am and sets at 5:00 pm: 9 h 36 min of daylight. The moon is 85% illuminated (waning gibbous) and rises at 6:27 pm. Major solunar periods run from 1:52 am to 3:52 am and from 2:25 pm to 4:25 pm. The next spring tides arrive from November 9 to 11. The sea is moderate, with 4.8 ft waves. There's a gentle breeze from the west-northwest (12 mph). Partly cloudy, 57 °F.
Fishing in Helgoland today
Best time to fish
Solunar activity today: high- Low tide at 8:05 am
- Sunrise at 7:24 am
- Rising pressure (+0.18 inHg in 24 h), light cross-shore wind (6 mph) and some swell (3.5 ft waves) to stir the water
- Waning gibbous: a bit more activity than at the quarters
- Highest tide coefficient today: 79 (average tides)
- A major period lines up with sunset
Your day at a glance
The best window, 7:00 am to 8:20 am, combines the 8:05 am low tide, sunrise and some swell, though with rising pressure. Also worth a try from 12:40 pm to 3:40 pm, with the 1:37 pm high tide, moonset, a major period and some swell, though with rising pressure.
Species with the most records nearby: European plaice, whiting, Atlantic cod and common sole. October is one of the months when these are seen most: common sole and European flounder. What you can catch
Beach day in Helgoland
Is it a beach day?
- Mostly sunny
- Cross-shore breeze (6 mph)
- Calm for swimming: 3.5 ft waves
- Low tide at 8:05 am: more sand
- Feels like 56 °F: chilly for the beach
- Water at 58 °F (very cold)
Today, hour by hour
- Swimming Calm · 3.5 ft
3.5 ft waves: calm for swimming. Low rip current risk. Always follow the lifeguard's flags.
- Water 58 °F
Very cold: ease in and keep swims short.
- Sun & sunscreen UV 1 · SPF 15
Max UV 1 (low): SPF 15 sunscreen.
- Wind 6 mph
Cross-shore breeze (6 mph).
- Tide & sand 8:05 am
Low tide at 8:05 am and 8:25 pm: that's when there's the most sand. High tide at 1:13 am and 1:37 pm.
We don't have data on jellyfish, sargassum or beach closures: ask the lifeguard or check with the local beach authority. How it works · The next 7 days
Beaches near Helgoland
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Südstrand 0.2 mi · SE
- Restrooms
- Kringelstrand 0.3 mi · S
- Restrooms
- Nordstrand 0.5 mi · NW
Named beaches within 6.2 mi, nearest first. Amenities from OpenStreetMap: some may be missing or out of date. View on OpenStreetMap · Add or fix on OpenStreetMap
Beaches and amenities: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Bathing water quality: European Environment Agency (EEA), with data from the authorities of Germany.
Webcams near Helgoland
Webcams provided by windy.com — add a webcam
Tides in Helgoland
Today's high and low tides
- ▲ High tide 1:13 am 10.5 ft · coef. 79
- ▼ Next low tide 8:05 am 2.0 ft
- ▲ High tide 1:37 pm 10.4 ft · coef. 77
- ▼ Low tide 8:25 pm 2.5 ft
↓ Falling The tide is falling. 5 h 36 min to low tide at 8:05 am.
Tide coefficient 79 for the 1:13 am high tide and 77 for the 1:37 pm high tide. Average coefficient. The water rises and falls 8.4 ft between the highest high and the lowest low: an average range for this place. 70 is an average tide here; 90 and above means spring tides; below 45, neap tides. What is the tide coefficient?
2026 extremes: the highest tide of the year is on October 10 (11.2 ft) and the lowest, on April 18 (0.6 ft).
Semidiurnal: two high and two low tides a day, of similar height.
Heights above chart datum: the lowest astronomical tide (LAT), the zero of nautical charts in Europe. Astronomical prediction: wind and air pressure can raise or lower the water by a few inches, and more in a storm. Not for navigation. chart datum (LAT)
Tide coefficient and range in October
The biggest tides of the month came from October 10 to 12 (coefficient 85, 9.7 ft range). The smallest, from October 20 to 21 (coefficient 45, 5.2 ft).
Tide and solunar table · this week
| Day | Sun | Tide 1 | Tide 2 | Tide 3 | Tide 4 | Coef. | Moon | Major periods | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today, Thu 29 | 7:24 am · 5:00 pm | High tide 1:13 am · 10.5 ft | Low tide 8:05 am · 2.0 ft | High tide 1:37 pm · 10.4 ft | Low tide 8:25 pm · 2.5 ft | Coef. 79 | 85% | Major periods 1:52 am · 2:25 pm | High |
| Fri 30 | 7:26 am · 4:58 pm | High tide 1:51 am · 10.5 ft | Low tide 8:48 am · 2.1 ft | High tide 2:20 pm · 10.1 ft | Low tide 9:06 pm · 2.8 ft | Coef. 76 | 76% | Major periods 2:57 am · 3:29 pm | Medium |
| Sat 31 | 7:27 am · 4:56 pm | High tide 2:33 am · 10.4 ft | Low tide 9:34 am · 2.3 ft | High tide 3:10 pm · 9.8 ft | Low tide 9:50 pm · 3.2 ft | Coef. 72 | 66% | Major periods 4:00 am · 4:30 pm | Medium |
| Sun 1 | 7:29 am · 4:54 pm | High tide 3:23 am · 10.3 ft | Low tide 10:24 am · 2.6 ft | High tide 4:07 pm · 9.3 ft | Low tide 10:40 pm · 3.6 ft | Coef. 66 | Last quarter | Major periods 4:59 am · 5:27 pm | Low |
| Mon 2 | 7:31 am · 4:52 pm | High tide 4:24 am · 10.1 ft | Low tide 11:24 am · 2.9 ft | High tide 5:14 pm · 8.9 ft | Low tide 11:41 pm · 3.9 ft | Coef. 60 | 43% | Major periods 5:53 am · 6:18 pm | Medium |
| Tue 3 | 7:33 am · 4:50 pm | High tide 5:36 am · 9.9 ft | Low tide 12:37 pm · 3.1 ft | High tide 6:31 pm · 8.7 ft | — | Coef. 55 | 33% | Major periods 6:43 am · 7:06 pm | Medium |
| Wed 4 | 7:35 am · 4:48 pm | Low tide 12:58 am · 3.9 ft | High tide 6:59 am · 9.9 ft | Low tide 2:00 pm · 2.9 ft | High tide 7:56 pm · 8.9 ft | Coef. 59 | 23% | Major periods 7:29 am · 7:51 pm | Medium |
▲ high tide · ▼ low tide · heights above chart datum (LAT). Major periods: start time; they last 2 hours. Activity: based on the moon phase and the solunar periods.
Where this tide comes from
Tides from the Helgoland Binnenhafen station (TICON-4), 0.2 mi from Helgoland. Times and heights are its predictions.
Station data attribution: Slackwater database (https://github.com/openwatersio/slackwater-database). Source: Hart-Davis, M., Dettmering, D., Seitz, F. (2025), TICON-4: TIdal CONstants based on GESLA-4 sea-level records, SEANOE, https://doi.org/10.17882/109129. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Modified: see https://github.com/openwatersio/slackwater-database#modifications-to-source-data
The sea at Helgoland
Sea stateSea state: moderate
The waves you may find
- Most commonMost common2.4 ft
- Significant4.8 ft
- Highest expectedHighest9.8 ft
One wave in seven is higher than the significant height, and about 3 times a day one reaches 9.8 ft. Before heading out, expect waves of up to 9.8 ft.
Wind on the coast and offshore
The model doesn't separate offshore wind here: it's the same as on the coast.
Cross-shore wind. The coast faces northeast and the wind blows along the shore: drift and current run parallel to the beach.
Wave height, next 7 daysWaves, next 7 days
Waves build over the next few days. The biggest waves arrive on Monday 2: 6.4 ft with a period of 6 s, from the north-northwest (moderate).
Water temperature
Water temperature →Water temperature changes how fish behave: in very cold or very warm water they feed less. The water is steady these days, with no sudden changes.
Water warmer than normal for late October (+3.6 °F).
Satellite: NASA MUR (JPL MUR MEaSUREs, PO.DAAC), doi:10.5067/GHGMR-4FJ04. Sources and licenses
Water temperature →Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 2:28 am (local time).
Nearest buoy
This is a real measurement of the sea, not a forecast. Data from Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency, Dept. Oceanography, via the E.U. Copernicus Marine Service. Generated using E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information (doi:10.48670/moi-00036).
Surf in Helgoland today
Surf today
Poor- 1.1–1.6 ft surf at the shore, small: good for learning or a longboard
- 3.1 ft swell at 5 s from the west-northwest, short: weak, messy waves; it hits this coast at an angle
- Almost no wind (2 mph): glassy water
- Rising tide (high tide at 1:37 pm)
- Light: First light 6:46 am · sunrise 7:24 am · sunset 5:00 pm · last light 5:37 pm
- Tide: high 1:13 am (10.5 ft), low 8:05 am (2.0 ft), high 1:37 pm (10.4 ft) and low 8:25 pm (2.5 ft). Every break has its own tide: some work at low tide and others at high tide. The tide doesn’t change the score here.
- Water at 57.4 °F: a 4/3 fullsuit (booties if you run cold).
- Energy: 38 kJ · Low power
Today’s surf at a glance
The best window, 9:00 am to 1:00 pm, has glassy water, though with a short-period swell.
An estimate for this stretch of coast, not for a specific break: every beach or reef works its own way (its tide, bottom and angle). Check it when you get there.
Follow the flags and the lifeguards, and don’t paddle out if the surf is above your level: this score is a guide, not a substitute for what you see when you get there.
Diving in Helgoland today
Diving and snorkeling today
Likely visibility: fair- Slack water around high tide (1:37 pm): little current from 1:00 pm to 2:10 pm
- 2.4 ft swell at 4 s from the west-northwest: some surge on the bottom
- Almost no wind
- 0.4 mph current toward the north, weak (model)
- Sun high: more light underwater
- Slack water today: high tide 1:13 am (12:40–1:40 am), low tide 8:05 am (7:40–8:20 am), high tide 1:37 pm (1:00–2:10 pm) and low tide 8:25 pm (8:00–8:40 pm)
- Likely visibility: fair. Swell (up to 4.9 ft at 5 s) over the last few days has stirred up the water. Based on the last 24 hours of data.
- Water at 57.4 °F: a 7 mm wetsuit, with hood and booties.
- Snorkeling: doable, with some waves or wind.
- Night dive: dark from 5:37 pm. Waning gibbous (85%), rising at 6:27 pm: a bright night.
Your diving day at a glance
The best window, 1:00 pm to 2:30 pm, combines slack water at high tide, light wind, weak current and the sun high. Also good from 7:30 am to 8:30 am, with slack water at low tide, light wind and weak current.
Slack water comes from the tide: in inlets, channels and between islands the water can keep running for an hour or two after. Ask the local dive shop.
Never dive alone and check with the local dive shop: this rating is a guide, not a substitute for a professional.
Dive sites, wrecks and dive shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Unterelbe 4.3 mi
- Wreck 1.2 mi
- Wreck 1.5 mi
- Wreck 1.6 mi
- Wreck 1.6 mi
- Wreck 1.6 mi
- Wreck 1.8 mi
- Wreck 3.0 mi
- Wreck 3.3 mi
- Wreck 3.8 mi
- Helgoländer Felssockel 1.1 mi
- Zentrum Für Wissenschaftliches Tauchen 0.3 mi
Within 12 mi. Some may be missing or closed; marine reserves usually need a permit. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Wreck and reef positions are approximate and not for navigation; a wreck’s depth runs from the top of the hull to the seabed.
Sites: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Wrecks: EMODnet Human Activities (AND-International), from UK Hydrographic Office data, CC BY 4.0. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Weather in Helgoland
Now in Helgoland
- Low / high
- 56 / 58 °F
- Rain
- 0.02 in · 92%
- Clouds
- 77%
- Humidity
- 81%
- Dew pointDew point
- 51 °F
- Visibility
- 20 mi
- UV indexUV
- 0 · low
- Air qualityAir
- Fair · 27
- Saharan dust
- No
- Pollen
- None
Pressure and fishing
- ↗ RisingRising Anglers say fish bite less for a while
- → SteadySteady · now Anglers expect normal activity
- ↘ FallingFalling Anglers say fish feed more before the change
Steady now (+0.03 inHg in 3 hours). Over the next 48 hours: +0.22 inHg. Steady pressure: anglers expect normal activity. Fast changes, either way, tend to affect fishing.
Today, hour by hourHour by hour
Bars: mean wind. Dashed line: gusts. Arrows point where the wind blows to.
| Time | 12:00 am | 3:00 am | 6:00 am | 9:00 am | 12:00 pm | 3:00 pm | 6:00 pm | 9:00 pm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sky | Light showers | Partly cloudy | Partly cloudy | Mainly clear | Mainly clear | Mainly clear | Mainly clear | Mainly clear |
| Temperature | 56° | 57° | 57° | 57° | 57° | 57° | 57° | 57° |
| Wind (mph) | 12 W | 11 WNW | 8 WNW | 4 NW | 2 WNW | 2 NW | 0 S | 3 SSW |
| Gusts | 20 | 17 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| Waves | 5.4 ft | 4.7 ft | 3.9 ft | 3.4 ft | 3.0 ft | 2.7 ft | 2.5 ft | 2.4 ft |
| Rain | 0.01 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in | 0.00 in |
- 3:00 am 57° 11 WNW 4.7 ft
- 6:00 am 57° 8 WNW 3.9 ft
- 9:00 am 57° 4 NW 3.4 ft
- 12:00 pm 57° 2 WNW 3.0 ft
- 3:00 pm 57° 2 NW 2.7 ft
- 6:00 pm 57° 0 S 2.5 ft
- 9:00 pm 57° 3 SSW 2.4 ft
- 12:00 am 56° 4 SW 2.2 ft
Next 14 daysComing days
| Day | Sky | Low / high | Max wind | Max wave | High tides |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today · 29 | 56 / 58 °F | 13 mph W | 5.4 ft | 1:13 am · 1:37 pm | |
| Fri 30 | 56 / 57 °F | 7 mph NW | 2.2 ft | 1:51 am · 2:20 pm | |
| Sat 31 | 56 / 57 °F | 9 mph NNE | 1.5 ft | 2:33 am · 3:10 pm | |
| Sun 1 | 54 / 56 °F | 11 mph S | 2.0 ft | 3:23 am · 4:07 pm | |
| Mon 2 | 49 / 55 °F | 24 mph N | 6.4 ft | 4:24 am · 5:14 pm | |
| Tue 3 | 49 / 53 °F | 21 mph NE | 5.2 ft | 5:36 am · 6:31 pm | |
| Wed 4 | 52 / 55 °F | 11 mph NW | 3.4 ft | 6:59 am · 7:56 pm | |
| Thu 5 | 52 / 53 °F | 15 mph NNW | 3.3 ft | 8:23 am · 9:08 pm | |
| Fri 6 | 50 / 52 °F | 8 mph SE | 2.6 ft | 9:30 am · 10:03 pm | |
| Sat 7 | 48 / 50 °F | 8 mph SSE | 1.3 ft | 10:23 am · 10:47 pm | |
| Sun 8 | 47 / 53 °F | 11 mph SW | 1.8 ft | 11:07 am · 11:26 pm | |
| Mon 9 | 50 / 53 °F | 16 mph SE | 2.2 ft | 11:45 am | |
| Tue 10 | 52 / 56 °F | 17 mph SSE | 2.4 ft | 12:02 am · 12:20 pm | |
| Wed 11 | 54 / 56 °F | 16 mph S | 2.8 ft | 12:35 am · 12:53 pm |
- Fri 30 Overcast 56° / 57° 2.2 ft
- Sat 31 Overcast 56° / 57° 1.5 ft
- Sun 1 Light rain 54° / 56° 2.0 ft
- Mon 2 Light rain 49° / 55° 6.4 ft
- Tue 3 Mainly clear 49° / 53° 5.2 ft
- Wed 4 Overcast 52° / 55° 3.4 ft
- Thu 5 Overcast 52° / 53° 3.3 ft
Each day comes from the best model covering this spot: regional ones first (HRRR and NBM in the U.S., AROME, ICON-EU), then ECMWF; day 16, NOAA GFS. Waves: Météo-France up to day 10, then ECMWF WAM, coarser and further offshore. High tides: our own tide calculation.
- The models Partly agree · medium confidence: unsure about rain today. See the models →
- Outlook Next few weeks, compared with normal: normal temperatures, normal rain and a slightly warmer sea. See the outlook →
- Normal Today, warmer than normal for late October (+4.1 °F; normal high: 53 °F). Climate by month →
Forecast from Open-Meteo (CC BY 4.0) with models from ECMWF, NOAA, Météo-France, DWD, Copernicus Marine and CAMS. Updated at 2:28 am (local time).
The sun in Helgoland
Sunrise and sunset
- First light 6:04 am
- Full dark 6:19 pm
- Civil dawn 6:46 am
- Civil dusk 5:37 pm
- Solar noon 12:12 pm (22° high)
- Daylight 9 h 36 min (−4 min)
- Evening golden hour 4:07 pm
- Full dark 6:19 pm
Golden hour and the day-night map
Today the sun is 92,336,079 mi away and looks 32′ 11″ across.
The moon in Helgoland
Moon phase and position
Today the moon is 226,618 mi away and looks 32′ 45″ across.
Solunar periods
Today's activity: high- 1:52–3:52 am Major · the moon passes overhead · high activity
- 2:25–4:25 pm Major · the moon passes underfoot · high activity
- 11:52 am–12:52 pm Minor · moonset · medium activity
- 5:57–6:57 pm Minor · moonrise · medium activity
According to solunar theory, fish feed more when the moon passes overhead or underfoot (major periods, about 2 h) and when it rises or sets (minor periods, 1 h). It works best around new and full moon.
Upcoming moon phases
2026 moon calendar →- Last quarter Sun, Nov 1 · 9:29 pmNov 1 in 3 days
- New moon Mon, Nov 9 · 8:03 amNov 9 in 11 days
- First quarter Tue, Nov 17 · 12:48 pmNov 17 in 19 days
- Full moon Tue, Nov 24 · 3:54 pmNov 24 in 26 days
Next perigee (the moon at its closest to Earth): November 25, 223,281 mi away.
Where to fish in Helgoland
Piers, ramps and tackle shops nearby
Map: OpenFreeMap · © OpenMapTiles · © OpenStreetMap contributors
- Anleger Düne 0.7 mi
- Jetty 0.2 mi
- Augustamole 0.3 mi
- Wassersturzbecken 0.5 mi
- Ostmole 0.7 mi
- Nord-Ost-Hafen 0.2 mi
- Binnenhafen 0.2 mi
- Südhafen 0.5 mi
- Vorhafen 0.7 mi
- Dünenhafen 0.7 mi
- Rickmers Bootstankstelle 0.3 mi
Within 9.3 mi. A spot may be missing or closed. Open the map on OpenStreetMap · Missing one? Add it to OpenStreetMap
Spots: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) and Overture Maps.
Water depth
Shallow, gradualShallow, gradual bottom: you need to go 2 mi out for 33 ft of water. Right off the beach it already drops to about 19 ft.
From the shoreline (0.3 mi from Helgoland) out to sea, heading northeast.
How far from shore
- 16 ft deep270 ft
- 33 ft deep2 mi
- 66 ft deepnot within 3.1 mi
- 164 ft deepnot within 3.1 mi
For fishing, swimming and diving
- Shore fishing. Deep water close in: about 19 ft just 330 ft out. Good for casting from rocks, jetties or the beach itself; current and surf hit harder here.
- Swimming. The bottom drops quickly near the shore and you are soon out of your depth. Keep an eye on kids and weak swimmers.
- Diving. Shallow near shore: you only reach 33 ft at 2 mi. For dives deeper than 33 ft, go by boat.
Right by the shore the bottom may drop even faster than shown.
Source: EMODnet Bathymetry DTM 2024 (CC BY 4.0), cells of about 380 ft; depth at the lowest astronomical tide. For reference only: not for navigation or anchoring.
Nearest lighthouse
Helgoland lighthouse 0.2 mi west
- Light
- A white flash every 5 s · Fl W 5s
- Range
- 28 nautical miles (32 mi)
- Light height
- 269 ft above sea level
- Tower height
- 115 ft
- Built
- 1941
Other lighthouses nearby: Heligoland Düne Lighthouse (1.1 mi east).
Light details: NGA List of Lights (USA); the rest from Wikidata. For reference only: not for navigation. Wikipedia · Wikidata · Sources and licenses
Tides near HelgolandTides nearby
- Nordseeheilbad Wangerooge27 mi
- Sankt Peter-Ording32 mi
- Schillig33 mi
- Carolinensiel34 mi
- Tümlauer Koog34 mi
- Langeoog34 mi
- Wittdün37 mi
Helgoland at a glance
- Town or city of about 1,333 people. Coordinates: 54.181° N, 7.886° E.
- It is 91 mi west of Kiel, the main place in Schleswig-Holstein. The sun rises 9 min later and sets 9 min later than in Kiel.
- The nearest tide station, Helgoland Binnenhafen, is 0.2 mi to the east.
- Its coast faces northeast.
- Beaches and harbors nearby: Sudhaven (0.5 mi), Süderhafen (0.5 mi), Dünenhafen (0.7 mi), Vorhafen (0.7 mi).
Questions about HelgolandQuestions
What time is high tide today in Helgoland?
Today in Helgoland there are high tides at 1:13 am (10.5 ft) and 1:37 pm (10.4 ft) and low tides at 8:05 am and 8:25 pm. Tide coefficient 79.
What time is sunset today in Helgoland?
At 5:00 pm. There is light until the end of civil twilight, at 5:37 pm.
What time is sunrise tomorrow in Helgoland?
At 7:26 am. First light comes at 6:06 am.
What phase is the moon today?
Waning gibbous, 85% illuminated. New moon on Mon, Nov 9 · 8:03 am.
When are the next spring tides?
From November 9 to 11.
What are today's solunar periods?
Major 1:52–3:52 am, Minor 11:52 am–12:52 pm, Major 2:25–4:25 pm, Minor 5:57–6:57 pm. Today's activity is high.
What's the weather like today in Helgoland?
Light showers, from 56 °F to 58 °F, with a gentle breeze from the west-northwest (12 mph) and a 92% chance of rain.
How is the sea today in Helgoland?
Moderate (Douglas 4): 4.8 ft waves with a period of 6.1 s from the west. The water is 57.7 °F.
When is the best time to visit Helgoland?
The best time to visit Helgoland is from July to August: highs of 67 °F to 68 °F, about 12 rainy days a month and 7 hours of sunshine a day.
Can I use this data for navigation?
No. These are predictions for fishing and leisure; for navigation, use the official publications.
Where this data comes from
Tide: Helgoland Binnenhafen station, with constants from TICON-4 (Hart-Davis, Dettmering and Seitz, 2025, SEANOE), licensed CC BY 4.0, via Slackwater database (changes). Sun and moon: our own calculation with astronomy-engine. Places: GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). Coastline: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).